The Black Plague - 1207 Words

The black plague, the foremost severe epidemic in human history, ravaged Europe from 1347-1351. This plague killed entire families at a time and destroyed a minimum of 1 village. Greatly causal to the Crisis of the Fourteenth Century, Not only did the black plague take a devastating toll on human life, but it to boot contend a major role in shaping European life among the years following. The black plague consisted primarily of plague; but plague was to boot gift among the epidemic. Symptoms of the plague capsulate high fever, aching limbs, and blood unconditioned reflex. The black plagues unfold so quickly that by 1350, fraction of Europe was dead. European economy and society changed drastically following the black plague. As a result of such an enormous quantity of people had died, there was a massive labor shortage. This contributed to the highest of the structure, since serfs could usually leave their manors and make a lot of sturdy living in cities. The plague to affected relig ion and art that became really dark and preoccupied with death. Several people believed that the black plague came from Gods extreme anger at the earth. The black plague changed European history in many necessary ways in which. Its fatal symptoms took many human lives, and its influence carried over into many areas of society. Economically, Europe flourished as results of condition allowed wealth for plenty of people. But people suffered religiously as a result of the malady broughtShow MoreRelatedThe Plague Of The Black Plague1624 Words   |  7 Pageswhat became known as the Black Death of the fourteenth century, possible death to most, spread by measly fleas and rats. Because of the rapid outbreak of this terrifying disease, death defying symptoms, and resulted in the death of 25 million people, the Black Plague is considered the greatest catastrophe ever.†¯ †¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ The Black Plague started in Italy. The plague traveled from Italy to Europe. Jim Ollhoff, author of the The Black Death, described the outbreak of the plague as a â€Å"deadly hitchhiker†Read MoreThe Plague Of The Black Plague1261 Words   |  6 PagesThe Black Plague is a disease that spread around the world and killed many people. There are three different types of the plague; Bubonic, Septicemic, and Pneumonic (Dugdale). The Black Plague effected Europe greatly and effected there way of life. It came to Europe around the 1300s and had a great impact on society in the 1500s (History). Important parts of the black plague are the different types of the plague, how they spread, treatments for them, and effects the plague had on Europe in the 1500sRead MoreBlack Plague And The Plague1367 Words   |  6 PagesBy the 14th century, the plague had wiped out sixty percent of Europe’s population. Because of its devastating fatality rate, T he Black Plague was one of the most devastating pandemics in history. The disease was made famous by the outbreak in Europe, however it did not originate there. The origination of the Plague, History of the Plague, Strains and Symptoms, as well as effects of the Plague are essential ideas, important to understand the Black Plague. The Black Plague is said to have originatedRead MoreThe Plague Of The Black Plague Essay2352 Words   |  10 PagesABSTRACT The Bubonic Plagues a highly lethal infection caused by the microbe Yersinia pestis. This plague is most commonly associated with the plague of the 14th century, when it wiped out nearly half of the entire European population. The Bubonic Plague spread rapidly throughout Europe and was an often fatal illness, characterized by enlarged lymph nodes with pus filled buboes, gangrene, septicemia, and severe lung infections, followed by the quick onslaught of death. The Black Plague is the worstRead MoreBlack Plague1589 Words   |  7 PagesThe Epidemic is Here The Black Plague, one of the most devastating out breaks in history, is an historical event brought about with a great depression throughout Europe. This plague brought out the worst in mankind during the time the plague ran its course. How do people behave, when there environment becomes life threatening? (Herlihy, 18). The Black Death accounted for nearly one third of the deaths in Europe. Due to the death of many people there were severe shortages in labors, duringRead MoreThe Black Plague608 Words   |  2 PagesThe Black Plague What is the Black Plague? The Black Plague first was found in Europe around the 1300’s, killing roughly about 25 million people. The disease was often carried by rats and their fleas. People contracted the plague when they were bitten by a flea that carried the plague bacteria from a rodent. The cause of plague was not discovered until the famous outbreak in China, in 1855. The first breakthrough came in Hong Kong, when researchers secluded the rodent bacteria, known as,YersiniaRead MoreBlack Plague And The Black Epidemic1337 Words   |  6 PagesBlack Plague The Black Plague outbreak was one of the scariest events in human history. The people were afraid to do everyday activities and carry on with their normal routines. This plague is known to almost every person on Earth. Even as a kid, teachers tell their students about this plague. Even the thought of an outbreak like the Black Plague makes people’s skin crawl. I am included in that category. It has gotten to the point that when any outbreak of any type or kind of disease happensRead MoreBlack Death : The Black Plague1048 Words   |  5 Pagesbody: without employment, is a disease- the rest of the soul is a Plague, a hell itself† (Smiles, Samuel). The Black Death, also known as the Bubonic Plague, came to existence in the Fourteenth Century. It was transferred from Asia in the late 1340s and caused a mass eruption in Europe. It was a very dark time period of history, which changed the way people viewed religion, fellow citizens, and life. In the 1300s, the century of the Plague, there were many poor conditions. One example was the home itselfRead MoreBlack Death : The Black Plague768 Words   |  4 PagesThe Black Plague is known as the most fatal disease in the worlds history! The disease killed nearly one-third of Europe’s population in the fourteenth century. The Black Plague is also known as the Black Death and was transmitted to humans by rodents such as rats and spread due to extremely unsanitary living conditions. European cities such as Paris and London were most devastatingly affected by the Black Plague The Black Plague is transmitted from fleas to rodents such as rats or mice to humansRead MoreDeath by the Black Plague1017 Words   |  4 Pages The plague was the most devastating pandemic in human history, killing around 80-200 million people mostly throughout Europe, leaving most people back then wondering how they and others got sick and died. â€Å"Evidence available from rural continental Europe suggests a slow spread of human mortality across trade and travel routes, patterns consistent† (Carmichael 3), until after multiple inventions such as printing, word spread of this murderer, preventing more deaths and to treat those affected. This

Summary and critique for the article Is renewable energy realistic - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 291 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Background: Many countries in the world have come to an agreement that the world need to set some shared objectives on climatic changes. These set targets need to quickly arrive at full de-carbonization, around 80-100% de-carbonization. In order to achieve deep de-carbonization, electrification need to be employed in abundant amount. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Summary and critique for the article Is renewable energy realistic?" essay for you Create order Other sources of energy that provides carbon free electricity like wind and sun energy are readily available worldwide. Such energy is not dispatch able because it comes and goes naturally on its own timing. In order to balance such unavoidable variation, we need other dispatch-able carbon free energy sources for grid operators. Fossil fuel and nuclear energy are the probable large sources of carbon free energy that is dispatch able but many people oppose their use. Current situation: Deep carbonization has been found to be cheaper when it is done on power plants that are dispatch-able. Based on the studies done by Jenkins and Thernstorm on deep de-carbonization, the model that enhances the least cost to zero carbon electricity finds it cheaper to include nuclear and ccs as opposed to ruling them out. The next review done on this article seeks to conduct a feasibility test for 100 % renewable energy. For all the studies conducted, none qualified these viability assessments because the highest score was 4 out of 7. There is conflicting ideas of energy experts and their models. As much as energy experts are optimistic that a hundred percent renewable energy is realistic and reasonable, the model agrees to the contrary that a hundred percent renewable energy is unrealistic. Critique: As much as it is important to achieve deep de-carbonization to produce zero carbon electricity, it is important to be innovating and conduct strategic planning to take care of the available variations.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Africa - 922 Words

Introduction Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Africa is the most affected area that it has reverse expected population growth to a net decrease (Oxford Analytica Ltd). Africa is the number one countries with the highest rate of HIV and AIDS among the other fifteen countries (Patel). HIV and AIDS spread among adults, teens, and even to children who know nothing. Around 35 to 42 million people are living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and AIDS all over the world. However, about 25.5 million of the 35 to 42 million people live in Africa. So far in 2003 alone, there has been 2.2 million death in Africa (UNAIDS). With so many deaths in a year, there is more than one funeral happening on a daily basis. This paper first examines the primary root causes then the pertinent consequences of the phenomenon. It will then focus on prospects of decreasing the rapidly spread of AIDS in Africa. Root Causes The first most important root causes of AIDS in Africa is social-economic. Nearly 40 percent of Africas population lives on less than US $1 a day and barely surviving on less than US $2 in a week (Poku). Living in poverty means many families are unable to provide all the proteins and nutrition one body needs. Lack of nutrients to the immune system cause it to weaken and once it fails to work it is unable to resist any virus that attacks it. The second most important cause of AIDS in Africa is the cultural force. Many Africans believes that people whoShow MoreRelatedHuman Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv )1359 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper explores the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The virus has infected two million adults and children by the year 2005 already. The virus continues to race around the world, and new HIV infections are at 50,000 per year (Martine Peeters, Matthieu Jung, Ahidjo Ayouba) (2013). The fina l outcome of the HIV infection is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). There are many treatments that have developed to help the large numberRead MoreHistory Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome1272 Words   |  6 PagesThe history of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in the United States starts in 1981, the year it became recognized by country as an official new strange disease. By 1982 it was recognized as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). It started in San Francisco, with five young homosexual men, they were presented with Pneumonia (PCP). As the year went on there were more reports of homosexual men presenting PCP and some of them were diagnosed with PCP and Kaposi ´s Sarcoma (KS). Others reportsRead MoreModern Day Methods Of Contracting1113 Words   |  5 Pagesdown and defines what SIV is, the different subfields involved, and which species they originate from. The zoonotic transmission of the SIV virus from these non-human primates is discussed as we ll. As a result of these transmissions, the human immunodeficiency virus is brought to life. In this paper, this virus and its journey throughout history will be explained. Also, HIV and the different subfields this virus can be classified in are discussed throughout the research. As well as the where thisRead MoreAids757 Words   |  4 PagesAIDS (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is a disease caused by a virus called HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). The illness alters the immune system, making people much more vulnerable to infections and diseases. This susceptibility worsens as the disease progresses. HIV is found in the body fluids of an infected person (semen and vaginal fluids, blood and breast milk). The virus is passed from one person to another through blood-to-blood and sexual contactRead MoreHiv And Human Immunodeficiency Virus Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesaffected the world relentlessly for many years in a never-ending circle. HIV, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, is the virus that is spread through certain bodily fluids and can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). HIV attacks the immune system by destroying CD4+ T cells, which leaves the person infected with HIV vulnerable to other infections, diseases, and other complications.1 Once this virus is acquired, the human can never fully rid itself of this pathogen. If left untreated, HIV reducesRead More Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Essay912 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Life History The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an obligate intracellular parasite found exclusively in humans. It is responsible for weakening the immune system and leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The first case of AIDS was diagnosed in the U.S. in 1981, and in 1984 it was first proven that HIV caused AIDS. There is currently a pandemic of HIV/AIDS, with the highest incidence rate in Sub-Saharan Africa and the lowest rates inRead MoreHiv And Its Effects On Children1149 Words   |  5 PagesHIV What is HIV? HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. Infection by this virus frequently leads to AIDS – acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Viral infection initially causes a flu-like illness characterized by fever, sore throat, headache, rash, gastrointestinal discomfort, and body aches (mylagias). The virus tends to stay dormant for months or years while it is slowly killing immune cells – especially CD4 cells. Individuals with high viral loads and low CD4 cell counts have high viralRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv )901 Words   |  4 PagesThe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an obligate intracellular parasite found exclusively in humans. It is responsible for weakening the immune system and leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The first case of AIDS was diagnosed in the U.S. in 1981, and in 1984 it was first proven that HIV caused AIDS. There is currently a pandemic of HIV/AIDS, with the highest incidence rate in Sub-Saharan Africa and the lowest rates in Western Europe and North America, due to better healthcareRead MoreOverview of HIV AIDS704 Words   |  3 PagesOverview of HIV/AIDS 1.1.1 Discovery Records show that Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was first observed in the United States in the early 1980’s among healthy young intravenous drug users and gay men, who came down with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP), opportunistic cryptococcal or cytomegalovirus infections and some rare malignancies like Kaposi’s sarcoma that are known to occur in patients with compromised immune system (1). The rising incidences of PCP infections and Kaposi’sRead MoreAIDS/HIV Its Effects on Popular Culture Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pagesalong with other useful beneficial knowledge and history. Human Immunodeficiency Virus is a lentivirus, meaning that it takes long periods of time after the initial exposure to show symptoms. Human Immunodeficiency Virus is contract-ed through blood-borne pathogens, and HIV is the abbreviation for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Human Immunodeficiency Virus cannot be contracted solely via urine, saliva, or sweat. Human Immunodeficiency Virus may only be contracted from exposure to these fluids if

Behavior Of Plastic Fibers In Concrete - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Behavior Of Plastic Fibers In Concrete. Answer: Introduction Various fields including science and construction industry have been greatly attracted by the Use of plastic fibers to strengthen concrete as compared to other types of steel. This paper has analytically presented the present state of information and technology of adopting plastic fibers to reinforce concrete. A detailed review of the effects of plastic fibers on the fresh and hardened concrete properties have also been covered in this paper(Ozel, 2009, p. 552). Among the many reasons for the occurrence of cracks, ion concrete elements are the deformation as a result of shrinkage. The concrete elements vary ranging from pavements, overlays and even slabs. Polypropylene fibers in most cases help to improve the cement based composites which are more vulnerable to shrinkage. The deformations may be caused by very many factors such as restrained shrinkage, autogenously and also increased composite resistance. In the first 12 hours of concrete shrinkage, the plastic fibers reduce and lessen the presence of cracks by harnessing the strength and capacity of the cement paste(Mertz, 2008, p. 844). When these cracks are not controlled, the small tiny cracks formed due to the drying shrinkage results in the growth of larger cracks. The fibers also help in reducing the width of the cracks thereby preventing harmful substances from the environment from penetrating. Generally, the control of cracks is vital for the advancement of more durable and long-lasting structures. Literature review Fiber Reinforced Concrete that contains a tough material enhances the structural integrity of the concrete due to the uniformly distributed fibers. There are two Types of Fibers which include the; Steel Fibers Synthetic Fibers- this includes the plastic fibers. These Fibers are primarily used in concrete for the below purposes; For the prevention of cracking which forms as a result of both drying and plastic shrinkage(bton, 2007, p. 322). Besides, the fibers help to enhance the robustness of the concrete. Fibers also help to limit the penetrability of the concrete and thereby lessening water leakage during construction. Advantages of Fiber Polypropylene and Nylon Fibers these type of fibers are mostly applied due to their property of improving the mixing cohesion and also the ability to pump over longer distances. They also exhibit the property of increasing the resistance that results from freeze-thaw or explosive palling during incidents of severe fire .for this reason, these fibers have been internationally recommended since apart from offering protection to the concrete it also helps to protect lives and property(Hensher, 2016, p. 985). Steel Fibers- these type of fibers also are advantageous in terms of Improving the structural strength of concrete and Reducing the size of the cracks by firmly holding and in turn promoting its durability nevertheless, steel fibers Improves abrasion resistance and freeze-thaw resistance(Paramanantham, 2015, p. 548) Role of fibers The process of crack formation in concrete elements plays a key role since it constantly exposes the structures to a high risk of corrosion. Theses crack lower the quality of the concrete, therefore, affecting their durability and also their aesthetic value. Hence there is a need to minimize the size of these cracks and more particularly this is achieved with the addition of plastic fibers. There are various reasons behind the formation of these cracks including; Fire damage, plastic shrinkage, freeze-thaw damage and also plastic settlement as discussed below. Plastic shrinkage These stakes place when the water present at the surface evaporates prior to the bleeding water reaching the surface. The addition of the plastic fibers will help minimize the extent of the shrinkage crack due to their property of flexibility and also ability to fit into form(Pielert, 2011, p. 646). Plastic settlement This occurs when there is a high rate of bleeding and the presence of some resistance when settling. The plastic fiber when added will help to fix this problem since they are uniformly distributed and flexible thereby ionizing the resistance experienced(A.E. Naaman, 2014, p. 993). Freeze-thaw damage The addition of plastic fibers in concrete helps to limit the flow of water by inhibiting the flow of water through the small nodes. This implies that there will be an improvement in cement hydration and also a reduction of the water flow or leakage which results in the cracking(R.N. Swamy, 2015, p. 763). Fire damage The presence of heat or fire creates penetrative ways into the concrete thereby disporting the moisture which is present on the outer layer. These moisture vapors get back into the cold interior parts and get reabsorbed. These vapours when accumulates increases the pressure rapidly and eventually results into palling and concrete racks. The addition of plastic fibers releases the vapor pressure into new voids thus reducing the extent of spalling(Antonio Nanni, 2014, p. 420). Properties of Plastic Fiber Reinforced Concrete Prior to the mixing of concrete, certain variables that are adjusted to inhibit the fibers from balling. These variables may include the fiber length, amount and design mix variables. Best mixes typically will comprise of an increased volume of mortar as matched to the conventional concrete mixes which are normally restricted between 100 and 200 to minimize difficulties that may arise during construction. Conventionally, plastic fibers are randomly and uniformly distributed in the concrete; nonetheless, to obtain greater strengths the concrete is placed such that the fibers get lined up in the direction of applied stress Below are some of the properties of the plastic fibers These fibers are applied in two ways i.e. In thin sheet components where they provide the primary reinforcement and the volume content of fiber is comparatively high such that it exceeds 5% purposefully to attain both solidification and strengthening(Yin, 2017, p. 777). The other way of applications is when the volume content is relatively low such that it less than 0.3% thereby providing the secondary reinforcement for specifically for crack control, Effects of plastic fibers on concrete Plastic fibers have various influences on both fresh and hardened concrete as discussed below Effects on Fresh Concrete The workability of fresh concrete is normally determined by a parameter known as the slump test. The value of the slump is influenced by the content of water and its absorption properties. Also, it is attributed to the texture, shape and the surface characteristics of the components forming the mixture. The addition of the plastic fibers to the concrete decreases these value slowly. Thereby resulting in an increase in the bond and cohesiveness of fresh concrete. The plastic fibers shear apart during the mixing of the components thus creating an interconnection of the individual fibers and the fiber filaments. As a result of the large surface area, the fibers mechanically anchor to the cement paste(Clarke, 2009, p. 877). This mixture has a reduced rate of bleeding and aggregate settlement due to the firm holding of the concrete by the plastic fibers. As a result of the high tensile strength of the plastic fibers, early plastic shrinkage cracking is greatly managed by improving the tensile capacity of plain concrete to provide resistance to the tensile stresses initiated by the typical volume changes. Moreover, the fibers uniformly distribute these tensile tensions all over the concrete and with the decrease in plastic shrinkage cracking, concrete cracks get reduced. In the event that shrinkage cracks get formed, they get managed by the plastic fibers which reduce their size and width(James Shackelford, 2007, p. 542). Below is a table of the effect of the plastic fibers Effects on Hardened Concrete. Plastic fibers do not have a significantly greater effect on the compressive strength or elastic modulus but only on the tensile strength. As discussed below, the Addition of plastic fibers intensifies the splitting of the tensile strength by approximately 30% to 60%. Compressive strength This is a vital factor in concrete since it determines other parameters such as the tension and flexure among others. It is realized that the addition of plastic fibers will either reduce or increases the compressive strength of concrete through the overall effect is always negligible. Flexural tensile strength: it is observed that with an increase in the amount of the added plastic fiber, the tensile strength increases(AL-GHAMDY, 2012, p. 763). Bond strength: Typically, the bond between the matrix and the fiber should be desirable and upon attaining the strengthening critical fiber volume, multiple racking then gets easier to achieve. These multiple cracks when loosely spaced reduces the possibility of harmful substances from penetrating. The plastic fibers offer High bond strength that helps to provide close crack spacing(Singh, 2016, p. 552). Fracture Properties: the addition of fibers improves the failure behavior of high-strength concrete. Creep and shrinkage properties: Fibers help to minimize the creep strain rate and also concrete shrinkage that is caused by the removal of water from concrete during drying. Since the fibers do not shrink, they will be able to delay the process of shrinkage thereby overall reducing the deformation(Jochen Bundschuh, 2010, p. 998). Chloride penetration: Apart from the improved mechanical properties, the addition of plastic fibers also reduces the possibility of penetration by chemical substances such as chloride since the interfacial transition zone in the direction perpendicular is blocked(Baoguo Han, 2017, p. 620). Obstacles in Use of Plastic fibers Despite the use of plastic fibers gaining popularity, there is still need to do some improvements. Of significant note is the poor bond provided by some plastic fibers which provide a reduced pull-out strength. Incidents of fire also may result in cracking of greater porosity. The plastic fibers are also prone to destruction when exposing to too much sunlight and oxygen since they do not have a well-designed protection system. Further, due to reduced elasticity as compared to the cement matrix, the fibers sometimes acts as an initiator of the small cracks thus creating more pores in the cement elements(Berga, 2011, p. 531). Evaluation Analysis The recent design and construction of new buildings have taken into recognition the use of plastic fibers for the purposes of controlling shrinkage cracking and deformation. The application of these fibers is recommended for concrete structures as a result of the improved performances and effective cost-benefit ratio. Below are some of the advantages that make the plastic fibers recommendable for use in concrete structures(Mindess, 2014, p. 332). Plastic fibers are compact and easy to pump and place, Plastic fibers provides a safer working environment Plastic fibers also limit the rebound effect by improving the strength of wet concrete. Since the plastic fibers are entirely synthetic, chances of corrosion are greatly reduced. Plastic fibers also show enhanced impact resistance when compared to conventionally reinforce brittle concrete(Gustavo J. Parra-Montesinos, 2012, p. 542). Besides, plastic fibers improves the abrasive resistance in concrete floors by regulating the bleeding during the early stages of concrete cracking Also, plastic fibers increase the tensile strength and impact resistance thereby providing a reduction in the weight and thickness of structural components(Ying-shu Yuan, 2015, p. 833). Conclusion In conclusion, the research was based on the determination of the behavior of plastic fiber on concrete. It has been noted that plastic fibers offer the best reinforcement to concrete as compared to other reinforcement fibers. Below were some of the reason that demonstrated the best characteristics of plastic fibers in the prevention of crack formations in concrete elements. When concrete is reinforced with plastic fiber, there is improved cohesion in the mixture and also the ability to pump over longer distances. Cases of fire breakouts also are countered by offering a stronger resistance to the explosive spalling. Besides, apart from improved structural strength and ductility of the mixture, plastic fiber offers a high resistance to the shrinkage during. The research also indicates that plastic fibers help to improve the resistance to freezing thaw and abrasion. The above properties ensure that the width of the crack formed in the concrete material is greatly reduced thereby improving the lifespan and the aesthetic value of the concrete. References A.E. Naaman, H. R., 2014. High-Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 2. 5th ed. Chicago: CRC Press. AL-GHAMDY, D. O., 2012. EFFECT OF MATRIX COMPOSITION ON STEEL FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE PROPERTIES. 3rd ed. Chicago: University of MICHIGAN, Antonio Nanni, A. D. L. H. J. Z., 2014. Reinforced Concrete with FRP Bars: Mechanics and Design. 3rd ed. Carlisle: CRC Press. Baoguo Han, L. Z. J. O., 2017. Smart and Multifunctional Concrete Towards Sustainable Infrastructures. 5th ed. Westminster: Springer, Berga, L., 2011. Dams and Reservoirs, Societies and Environment in the 21st Century. 3rd ed. Chicago: Taylor Francis,. bton, f. F. i. d., 2007. FRP Reinforcement in RC Structures. 4th ed. new york: fib Fdration Internationale du bton. Clarke, J., 2009. Alternative Materials for the Reinforcement and Prestressing of Concrete. 4th ed. Westminster: CRC Press, Gustavo J. Parra-Montesinos, H. W. R., 2012. High-Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites. 2nd ed. Chicago: Springer Science Business Media. Hensher, D. A., 2016. Fiber-Reinforced-Plastic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures:. 3rd ed. Carlisle: Elsevier, James Shackelford, R. H. D., 2007. Ceramic and Glass Materials: Structure, Properties and Processing. 2nd ed. Carlisle: Springer Science Business Media. Jochen Bundschuh, M. C. S. A., 2010. Introduction to the Numerical Modeling of Groundwater and Geothermal Systems: Fundamentals of Mass, Energy and Solute Transport in Poroelastic Rocks. 3rd ed. Westminster: CRC Press. Mertz, D. R., 2008. Application of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites to the Highway Infrastructure, 2nd ed. new york Transportation Research Board. Mindess, S., 2014. Developments in the Formulation and Reinforcement of Concrete. 5th ed. new york Elsevier. Ozel, M., 2009. The behaviour of concrete beams reinforced with 3-D fibre reinforced plastic grids. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Wisconsin--Madison, Paramanantham, N. S., 2015. Investigation of the Behavior of Concrete Columns Reinforced with Fiber Reinforced Plastic Rebars. 2nd ed. Westminster: Lamar University. Pielert, J. H., 2011. The significance of Tests and Properties of Concrete and Concrete-making Materials. 2nd ed. Chicago: ASTM International,. R.N. Swamy, B. B., 2015. Fibre Reinforced Cement and Concretes: Recent Developments. 3rd ed. Westminister: CRC Press, Singh, H., 2016. Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete: Behavior, Modelling and Design. 3rd ed. Melbourne: Springer. Singh, H., 2016. Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete: Behavior, Modelling and Design. 2nd ed. Carlisle: Springer. Ying-Shu Yuan, S. P. S. H.-l. L., 2015. PRO 32: International Conference on Advances in Concrete and Structures. 5th ed. new york RILEM Publications. Yin, S., 2017. Development of Recycled Polypropylene Plastic Fibres to Reinforce Concrete. 2nd ed. Chicago: Springer.

BBMak free essay sample

BBMak. What does that mean exactly? After attending arecent concert, I know exactly what the name of this up-and-coming band means.Harmonious voices, enthusiasm and guy next door appeal combined withraw talent all define BBMak. I had an amazing time at the concert and walked awaywith an appreciation for the band and a newfound love of music. BBMakconsists of Englishmen Christian Burns, Ste McNally and Mark Barry. They recentlycame to America looking for success and armed with great voices. They are bestknown for their first hit, Back Here, but that is slowly changing asfans catch on to their undeniable talent. The guys are with HollywoodRecords, where my aunt works. She asked if I was interested in going to theirconcert. I knew of BBMak and, hey, the tickets were free! So I went with my mom,sister and friend. We all expected a decent show, but had no idea how good itwould really be. We will write a custom essay sample on BBMak or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They opened with Im Not in Love, afast-paced song from their album Sooner or Later that shows off theguys excellent guitar skills. It was a good tune to set the mood for the rest ofthe night. The guys played every song on the album; I Can Tell andGhost of You and Me were two standouts. I was very impressedwith the fact that they play their own instruments, and play them well. All threeplay the guitar and Mark also plays the bagpipes (very cool in concert!) and theIrish whistle. I could tell BBMak genuinely love making music. The looks on theirfaces and their body language showed the audience they enjoyed performing for us,and that enthusiasm from a band was refreshing. The feeling spread to thespectators and made for a comfortable concert atmosphere. Back Herewas the last song, but the guys came back for two encores, including their latestsingle, Still on Your Side. The concert was amazing, but thehighlight of the night was going backstage to meet the band. My aunt had arrangedfor VIP passes and the guys were as nice as could be! They autographed mysisters poster and posed for pictures. They were down-to-earth and generous,guys who seemed unaccustomed to fame. As fans, it was nice to beappreciated. The concerts only weakness was the amount of time it tookBBMak to get on stage two hours after the starting time. But that annoyance wasquickly forgotten when they started playing. The BBMak concert was anincredible experience. Their great voices and enthusiastic fans made for anevening I will never forget. I definitely recommend seeing BBMak if you have thechance. Their still-fresh attitude on fame and love of music make them veryappealing. Go out and buy their CD, too; you will enjoy their self-written andself-produced songs. The boys of BBMak are here to stay.